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Protein Film Infrared Electrochemistry Demonstrated for Study of H2 Oxidation by a [NiFe] Hydrogenase
Published on: December 4, 2017
In vitro and in silico studies on cell adhesion protein peroxinectin from Fenneropenaeus indicus and screening of
Jeyachandran Sivakamavalli1, Chandrabose Selvaraj2, Sanjeev Kumar Singh2
1Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, , Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:
In invertebrates, the prophenoloxidase (proPO) pathway is involved in the phenol-like antioxidant production against invading pathogens. Overproduction of melanin and phenolic substances leads to the disruption of hemocytes (own host cells); therefore, there is a prerequisite to regulate the antioxidant production, which is performed by the proteases and proPO-associated cell adhesion protein peroxinectin (PX). PX is a macromolecular structure consisting of protein involved in the proPO pathway, which is a potential target in the regulatory mechanism in crustaceans. In the proPO cascade, pattern recognition proteins initiate the proPO cascade by the consequent reaction, and PX is involved in the key step in the regulatory mechanism of phenoloxidase enzyme synthesis. In the present study, Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus PX (Fein-PX) gene sequence was used. Upregulation of Fein-PX was determined using immunostimulants β-glucan (agonists) and examined its expression by quantitative RT-PCR. To find the downregulation or negative regulation of Fein-PX, inhibitors were screened, and its 3D model provides molecular insights into the rationale inhibitor design for developing an effective molecule against Fein-PX.
Insights
This study investigates peroxinectin (PX) in shrimp immunity. Researchers identified PX as a key regulator of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) pathway, crucial for antioxidant defense against pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
- Marine Biology
Background:
- The prophenoloxidase (proPO) pathway is vital for invertebrate immune responses against pathogens.
- Peroxinectin (PX) plays a critical role in regulating proPO activity and preventing self-damage from excessive antioxidant production.
- PX is a key target for understanding immune regulation in crustaceans.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus peroxinectin (Fein-PX) gene.
- To investigate the upregulation of Fein-PX expression using immunostimulants.
- To identify potential inhibitors for negative regulation of Fein-PX.
Main Methods:
- Gene sequencing of Fenneropenaeus indicus PX (Fein-PX).
- Quantitative RT-PCR to examine Fein-PX expression levels.
- Screening of inhibitors for Fein-PX and 3D modeling for rational drug design.
Main Results:
- The Fein-PX gene sequence was successfully obtained and analyzed.
- Immunostimulant β-glucan upregulated Fein-PX expression, confirming its role in immune activation.
- Inhibitor screening and 3D modeling provided insights for designing molecules targeting Fein-PX.
Conclusions:
- Fein-PX is a crucial component in the shrimp proPO pathway, involved in immune regulation.
- Understanding Fein-PX regulation can lead to novel strategies for enhancing shrimp immunity.
- Targeting Fein-PX offers potential for developing new therapeutic agents against shrimp diseases.
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