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Recovery in Young Children with Weight Faltering: Child and Household Risk Factors

Maureen M Black1, Nicholas Tilton1, Samantha Bento1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|December 22, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Children with weight faltering showed modest weight recovery, particularly younger children and those with multiple risk factors. This suggests some children benefit more from interventions when facing greater challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Child Development
  • Behavioral Interventions

Background:

  • Weight faltering in early childhood is a significant concern impacting long-term health.
  • Understanding factors influencing weight recovery is crucial for effective intervention strategies.
  • Existing research often lacks detailed analysis of age and multifactorial risks in weight recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if weight recovery in children with weight faltering differs based on age at enrollment and the presence of child and household risk factors.
  • To analyze the impact of specific child and household risk factors on the trajectory of weight recovery.
  • To explore the potential for differential responsiveness to interventions among children with varying risk profiles.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study was conducted in a specialty practice utilizing a skill-building mealtime behavior intervention with video-recorded coaching.
  • Eligibility criteria included children aged 6-36 months with weight-for-age below the fifth percentile or crossing two major percentiles.
  • Longitudinal linear mixed-effects models analyzed weight-for-age z-score changes over six months, incorporating age and aggregated child/household risk indices.

Main Results:

  • A total of 286 children were enrolled, with a mean age of 18.8 months.
  • Statistically significant weight recovery was observed across all participants, irrespective of risk index or age group.
  • Younger children (<24 months), and those in the top quartile for household or child risk factors, demonstrated significantly greater mean weight-for-age z-score changes.

Conclusions:

  • Modest but statistically significant weight recovery occurred over six months, with younger children and those facing multiple risks showing greater improvement.
  • Findings align with differential susceptibility theory, indicating that children with multiple risk factors may be more responsive to interventions.
  • Further research is recommended to identify specific components of the mealtime behavior intervention that drive these positive outcomes.
Abstract

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