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Gauge Physics of Spin Hall Effect.

Seng Ghee Tan1,2, Mansoor B A Jalil2,3, Cong Son Ho2

  • 1Data Storage Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01 DSI, Innovis, Singapore 138634.

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This study unifies various spin Hall effect (SHE) theories into a single gauge-theoretic framework, correcting previous calculations for Rashba 2DEG and heavy hole systems. The findings necessitate re-evaluating prior SHE conductivity research.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Theoretical Physics
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • The spin Hall effect (SHE) is understood through various frameworks like Kubo formulation, geometric physics, and semi-classical models.
  • Discrepancies and overlaps in these existing models create confusion regarding the contributions to SHE conductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a unified gauge-theoretic, time-momentum framework for the spin Hall effect.
  • To resolve ambiguities and correct previous partial treatments of SHE conductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a gauge-theoretic, time-momentum approach to derive a general SHE equation of motion.
  • Integrated contributions from kinetic, spin orbit (Yang-Mills), and geometric (Murakami-Fujita) effects into a single theoretical model.

Main Results:

  • Established a unified theoretical framework for SHE conductivity.
  • Corrected the Rashba 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) SHE conductivity to [formula in text] and Rashba heavy hole SHE conductivity to [formula in text].
  • Identified inaccuracies in previous calculations based on Kubo, semiclassical, and Berry curvature treatments.

Conclusions:

  • The presented gauge-theoretic framework provides a comprehensive understanding of SHE conductivity.
  • The revised calculations highlight the need for re-derivation and re-calculation of previously studied SHE conductivity values.
  • This work clarifies the contributions of different physical effects to the overall spin Hall effect.