Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 28, 2026
10:28
A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
Published on: June 26, 2020
10.4K
Infective endocarditis in patients with hepatic diseases
E Seminari1, A De Silvestri2, V Ravasio3
1Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. e.seminari@smatteo.pv.it.
Summary
Infective endocarditis (IE) patients with chronic hepatic disease (CHD) experience more complications but similar mortality rates compared to those without CHD. Chronic hepatic disease (CHD) is a significant factor worsening prognosis in infective endocarditis (IE) patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
Background:
- Limited data exist on infective endocarditis (IE) in patients with chronic hepatic disease (CHD).
- Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of IE in this population is crucial for improved patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes of IE in patients with chronic hepatic disease (CHD+) compared to those without (CHD-).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of the Studio Endocarditi Italiano (SEI) database.
- Inclusion of 1722 IE episodes, with 300 in CHD+ patients.
- Diagnosis of IE according to modified Duke criteria.
Main Results:
- Patients with CHD experienced higher complication rates (77% vs. 65.3%), including embolization and congestive heart failure.
- Surgical intervention rates were similar (38.9% vs. 43.7%), and mortality rates were comparable (15% vs. 12.5%).
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen in CHD+ patients.
Conclusions:
- Chronic hepatic disease (CHD) is associated with a worse prognosis in infective endocarditis (IE) patients, particularly those requiring cardiac surgery.
- While mortality is similar, increased complications highlight the vulnerability of CHD patients with IE.
- Intravenous drug use (IVDU) emerged as a protective factor against mortality in IE patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Endocarditis I: Introduction
752
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
752
01:29Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
567
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
567
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
775
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
775
01:18Endocarditis III: Medical Management
330
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
330
01:14Myocarditis III: Medical Management
319
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
319
01:25Hepatitis
34
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
34