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Intakes of Micronutrients Are Associated With Early Growth in Extremely Preterm Infants

Elisabeth S Sjöström1, Inger Öhlund, Fredrik Ahlsson

  • 1*Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå †Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|December 23, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Micronutrient intake in extremely preterm infants was often inadequate, with low folate linked to poor growth. Optimized nutrition, particularly folate, may enhance early development in these vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal nutrition
  • Pediatric growth and development
  • Micronutrient metabolism

Background:

  • Extremely preterm infants (<27 weeks) face unique nutritional challenges.
  • Early life nutrition significantly impacts growth and long-term outcomes.
  • Standardized nutritional guidelines for this population are still evolving.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize micronutrient consumption in extremely preterm infants during the first 70 days of life.
  • To investigate associations between micronutrient intake and infant growth.
  • To identify specific nutrients influencing early development in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 531 extremely preterm infants born in Sweden (2004-2007).
  • Data collection included detailed nutritional intake and growth parameters from hospital records.
  • Statistical analysis controlled for macronutrient intake and illness severity.

Main Results:

  • Micronutrient intakes frequently deviated from recommendations; many were lower than required, while iron and vitamin K were higher.
  • Low folate intake correlated positively with weight and length gain (P<0.005).
  • High iron intake showed a negative association with length gain (P=0.006).

Conclusions:

  • Micronutrient intake patterns in extremely preterm infants are often suboptimal.
  • Specific micronutrients, like folate and iron, independently influence early growth trajectories.
  • Tailoring micronutrient supplementation may be crucial for optimizing growth in extremely preterm infants.
Abstract

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