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Acoustic Microcannons: Toward Advanced Microballistics.

Fernando Soto1, Aida Martin1,2, Stuart Ibsen1

  • 1Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.

ACS Nano
|December 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acoustically triggered microcannons can load and fire nanobullets (Nbs) using ultrasound. These microballistic tools demonstrate high-speed ejection and deep penetration capabilities for advanced applications.

Keywords:
US-triggeredmicroballisticnanobulletnanomachinetissue penetration

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Area of Science:

  • Microscale engineering
  • Acoustic manipulation
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Development of precise microscale delivery systems is crucial for targeted applications.
  • Existing microballistic tools face limitations in loading capacity, firing speed, and penetration.
  • Acoustic triggering offers a non-invasive method for actuating microdevices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present acoustically triggered microcannons as novel microballistic tools.
  • To demonstrate the loading and high-speed ejection of nanobullets (Nbs).
  • To evaluate the penetration capabilities of ejected Nbs in a tissue phantom.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical synthesis of hollow, conically shaped microcannon structures.
  • Loading microcannons with nanobullets (silica, fluorescent microspheres, perfluorocarbon emulsions) in a gel matrix.
  • Application of focused ultrasound pulses to trigger perfluorocarbon vaporization and Nb ejection.
  • Theoretical modeling and experimental validation of Nb ejection speeds.
  • Testing microcannon arrays in a tissue phantom gel.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis and loading of microcannons with various Nbs.
  • Acoustic triggering resulted in spontaneous perfluorocarbon vaporization and rapid Nb ejection.
  • Ejected Nbs achieved speeds on the order of meters per second.
  • Demonstrated efficient Nb loading and high penetration in a tissue phantom gel.

Conclusions:

  • The acoustic-microcannon approach provides a powerful microballistic tool.
  • This technology enables efficient loading and firing of multiple cargoes.
  • Offers improved accessibility to target locations and enhanced tissue penetration.
  • Potential for translation into advanced microscale ballistic systems.