Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
Published on: April 22, 2016
Substituent Effects in the Surface-Initiated ATRP of Substituted Styrenes
1Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48840.
Abstract:
Surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of substituted styrenes leads to rapid synthesis of uniform and thick substituted polystyrene brushes (>100 nm in 1 hour) from gold surface. High growth rates were observed for styrenes substituted with electron withdrawing groups in meta/para positions. The effects seen in surface and solution polymerizations are similar for styrenes with electron withdrawing groups, and for electron donors in ortho and para positions. However, electron donors at meta sites have surprisingly fast growth rates, which may be due to steric inhibition of termination. The overall surface polymerization rates for substituted styrenes was analyzed and found to follow the Hammett relation with ρ = 0.51. The ratio of kp to kt, is as an indicator of the likelihood that a reaction will reach high degrees of polymerization before termination.
More Related Videos
07:283D Printing and In Situ Surface Modification via Type I Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization
Published on: February 18, 2022
11:44Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
Published on: March 20, 2014
Related Concept Videos
Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects
Along with electronic...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
Directing and Steric Effects in Disubstituted Benzene Derivatives
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes