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Preclinical screening of phyllanthus amarus ethanolic extract for its analgesic and antimicrobial activity
S Sham Bhat1, K Sundeep Hegde1, Sharath Chandrashekhar1
1Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Background:
To discover a new agent which possesses dual property of analgesic and antimicrobial activity, thereby reducing the burden of polypharmacy. Phyllanthus amarus was screened for its analgesic and antimicrobial activities.
Objectives:
The objective was to evaluate the analgesic and antimicrobial activity, of P. amarus ethanolic extract (PAEE).
Materials And Methods:
The ethanolic extract of P. amarus was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. An in vivo study using Swiss albino mice was done to screen the central and peripheral analgesic activity of P. amarus extract. The extract was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight orally. The peripheral analgesic activity was assessed using acetic acid induced writhing test. The central analgesic activity was assessed using Eddy's hot plate apparatus. An in vitro study was carried out to study the antimicrobial activity of the above extract using selected species of Streptococcus mutans, and S. salivarius. The antimicrobial activities were determined using the agar well method.
Results:
The ethanolic extract of P. amarus showed significant (P < 0.05) peripheral and central analgesic activity. In vitro antimicrobial screening indicated that the ethanolic extract had shown a zone of inhibition against S. mutans and S. salivarius in the agar wells.
Conclusion:
This study showed that PAEE exhibited significant analgesic and antimicrobial activities.
