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Sublingual Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis.

Tracy M Frech1, John D Pauling, Maureen A Murtaugh

  • 1From the *Division of Rheumatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT; †Department of Rheumatology, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, and Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom; ‡Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and §Division of Otolaryngology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and ∥Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases
|December 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients show sublingual frenulum abnormalities. A new bedside tool, the Sublingual Abnormalities Index (SAI), reliably identifies these features and shows good interrater agreement.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oral Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Sublingual frenulum abnormalities are noted in systemic sclerosis (SSc) but their clinical significance remains unclear.
  • Current diagnostic methods lack standardization for assessing these oral manifestations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reliable bedside tool for assessing sublingual frenulum abnormalities in SSc patients.
  • To explore potential associations between these abnormalities and patient demographics or gastrointestinal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Sublingual Abnormalities Index (SAI), a semiquantitative tool scoring frenulum thickness, length, mucosa pallor, and telangiectasia.
  • Assessed 21 SSc patients and 8 controls, obtaining sublingual frenulum images for interrater reliability testing with blinded assessors.

Main Results:

  • The SAI demonstrated significant differences between SSc patients (composite score 4.3) and controls (score ≤2).
  • Excellent interrater reliability was achieved for the SAI (Cohen κ's 0.72 and 0.82).

Conclusions:

  • The SAI is a feasible and reliable tool for categorizing sublingual abnormalities in SSc.
  • Further research is needed to understand the functional significance and pathogenesis of these oral findings in SSc.