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Allostatic Load and Preterm Birth.

David M Olson1, Emily M Severson2, Barbara S E Verstraeten3

  • 1Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada. david.olson@ualberta.ca.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic stress, known as allostatic load, is a significant risk factor for preterm birth. Understanding this link can help predict and prevent premature deliveries in at-risk pregnancies.

Keywords:
adverse pregnancy outcomesallostasisallostatic loadchronic stressinflammationmultiple hit hypothesispreterm birthtwo hits

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Stress Physiology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a major global health challenge with significant unmet medical needs.
  • Current methods lack the ability to predict which women are at risk for preterm delivery or the timing of birth.
  • Chronic stress, termed allostatic load, is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence linking chronic stress and allostatic load to preterm birth in animal and human studies.
  • To explore the utility of allostatic load as a model for stress and preterm birth.
  • To propose the development of a predictive model for assessing preterm birth risk in early pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of animal and human studies on chronic stress and preterm birth.
  • Exploration of the allostatic load framework for modeling stress-related pregnancy outcomes.
  • Conceptualization of a predictive model for identifying high-risk pregnancies.

Main Results:

  • Substantial evidence indicates chronic stress (allostatic load) is a risk factor for preterm delivery.
  • Allostatic load provides a framework for understanding stress mechanisms in animal models of preterm birth.
  • The concept of allostatic load can inform the development of predictive tools for preterm birth risk.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic stress, measured by allostatic load, is a significant contributor to preterm birth.
  • Allostatic load can be utilized to model stress-induced preterm birth and develop predictive risk assessments.
  • Identifying high-risk pregnancies through allostatic load assessment can enable targeted interventions to mitigate preterm birth risk.