[Upper urinary tract fistulas in renal transplantation]

237 kidney transplants were performed in our department in a period running from November 1979 to October 1986. Out of this total number of transplants we analyzed the incidence of fistulas of the upper urinary tract, which in our series is 3.3%. Following a study protocol of these patients referring to multiple parameters, we conclude that in our series fistulas of the upper urinary tract appear precociously (less than 45 days post-transplant) and in connection with acute rejection episodes (high doses of steroids). On the basis of anatomopathological criteria we establish that its treatment has to be surgical and a meticulous surgical extraction technique is essential for its prevention.