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Increased interleukin 1 beta in human skeletal muscle after exercise
J G Cannon1, R A Fielding, M A Fiatarone
1Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
The American Journal of Physiology
|August 1, 1989
Summary
Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) protein persists in muscle tissue for up to 5 days after eccentric exercise. This finding suggests IL-1 beta plays a role in muscle adaptation to noninfectious inflammatory stress.
Area of Science:
- Exercise immunology
- Muscle physiology
- Inflammation
Background:
- Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a key inflammatory mediator released by monocytes.
- IL-1 beta's role in prolonged metabolic processes following short-term circulation elevation is debated.
- Eccentric exercise serves as a noninfectious model for studying inflammatory responses in muscle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and duration of IL-1 beta in muscle tissue after eccentric exercise.
- To determine if IL-1 beta is involved in the muscle's response to noninfectious inflammatory stimuli.
Main Methods:
- Eccentric exercise was performed by human subjects.
- Muscle tissue biopsies were collected at various time points post-exercise.
- Immunohistochemical staining was utilized to detect IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, and TNF alpha.
Main Results:
- Increased IL-1 beta immunoreactivity was detected in muscle tissue up to 5 days after eccentric exercise.
- IL-1 beta was absent in control subjects who did not exercise.
- Minimal evidence of IL-1 alpha or TNF alpha was found before or after exercise.
Conclusions:
- IL-1 beta is implicated in the metabolic adaptations of muscle tissue following noninfectious stress.
- The sustained presence of IL-1 beta in muscle suggests a role beyond acute inflammatory signaling.
- Eccentric exercise induces a localized, persistent inflammatory response mediated by IL-1 beta.