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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Ramadan fasting involves daily intermittent fasting from dawn to sunset.
  • The impact of Ramadan fasting on cognitive function, particularly in athletes, requires further investigation.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for maintaining athletic performance and well-being during Ramadan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on cognitive functions in female athletes.
  • To assess changes in short-term memory and cognitive flexibility during the fasting period.
  • To compare cognitive performance between fasting and non-fasting female athletes.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 17 female athletes divided into fasting (n=9) and non-fasting (n=8) groups.
  • Cognitive function assessed using the Digit Span Test (short-term memory) and Stroop Color Test (inhibition/cognitive flexibility).
  • Data collected at three time points: before, during (third week), and after Ramadan.

Main Results:

  • No significant changes in Digit Span Test or Stroop Task 1 performance in either group.
  • Significant improvements observed in Stroop Tasks 2 and 3 under Ramadan fasting conditions (p < 0.05).
  • Interference indices remained stable, except for a significant change in the fasting group post-Ramadan (p < 0.05). Error rates showed significant interaction (p < 0.05), with non-fasting athletes showing fewer errors during Ramadan.

Conclusions:

  • Ramadan fasting does not appear to adversely affect cognitive functions in female athletes.
  • Specific aspects of cognitive flexibility may even show improvement during Ramadan.
  • Athletes can maintain or potentially enhance cognitive performance while observing Ramadan fasts.