Surface-normal coupled four-wave mixing in a high contrast gratings resonator

We demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing using a silicon high contrast grating (HCG) resonator on a SOI (silicon-on-insulator) wafer directly coupled with free space Gaussian beam in surface-normal direction. The measured quality factor for HCG resonator is ~7330. Peak conversion efficiency of -19.5dB is achieved at low pumping power ~900µW. Surface-normal coupling allows for easily and robust alignment system. The very small footprint and high efficiency of our device provide an effective method for wavelength conversion in chip-scale integrated optics.