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Micro-structured femtosecond laser assisted FBG hydrogen sensor.

Joseph Muna Karanja, Yutang Dai, Xian Zhou

    Optics Express
    |December 25, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents enhanced fiber Bragg grating (FBG) hydrogen sensors. Micro-machined FBGs with palladium/silver coatings show significantly higher hydrogen sensitivity compared to standard sensors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optoelectronics
    • Chemical Sensing

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are widely used in sensing applications.
    • Developing highly sensitive hydrogen sensors is crucial for safety and industrial monitoring.
    • Existing FBG-based hydrogen sensors often require improvements in sensitivity and performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a novel hydrogen sensor utilizing micro-machined FBGs.
    • To investigate the effect of femtosecond laser micro-machining and Pd/Ag composite film sputtering on sensor performance.
    • To evaluate the hydrogen sensitivity and repeatability of the fabricated sensor.

    Main Methods:

    • Micro-machining of FBGs using a femtosecond laser to create microgrooves.
    • Sputtering a palladium/silver (Pd/Ag) composite film with a controlled atomic ratio (Pd:Ag = 3:1) onto the micro-machined FBGs.
    • Characterizing the hydrogen sensitivity of the sensor at room temperature and 35°C.
    • Testing sensor response and repeatability across different hydrogen concentrations.

    Main Results:

    • The fabricated FBG hydrogen sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 16.5 pm/%H at room temperature.
    • This sensitivity is significantly higher than the 2.5 pm/%H of a standard FBG sensor under the same conditions.
    • An enhanced hydrogen sensitivity was observed at an ambient temperature of 35°C.
    • The sensor demonstrated good response and repeatability in hydrogen concentration tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Femtosecond laser micro-machining combined with Pd/Ag sputtering effectively enhances FBG hydrogen sensor sensitivity.
    • The developed sensor shows promising performance for hydrogen detection applications.
    • The sensor's enhanced sensitivity at slightly elevated temperatures warrants further investigation for practical deployment.