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Subsegmental pulmonary embolism: A narrative review.
Soheil Peiman1, Mehrshad Abbasi2, Seyed Farshad Allameh3
1Advanced Thoracic Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Thrombosis Research
|December 26, 2015
Summary
Subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) is increasingly diagnosed but has minimal impact on mortality. Current evidence on anticoagulant therapy versus monitoring for SSPE remains unclear, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
Background:
- Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) has increased detection of subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE).
- SSPE diagnosis is rising, yet mortality rates remain largely unchanged.
- SSPE patients typically present with stable hemodynamics and mild symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current evidence on the diagnosis and management of SSPE.
- To clarify the risks and benefits of anticoagulant therapy versus monitoring for SSPE.
- To provide an overview of the known long-term outcomes for SSPE patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on SSPE diagnosis and management.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, biomarkers, and imaging findings in SSPE patients.
- Comparison of SSPE outcomes with those of central pulmonary embolism.
Main Results:
- CTPA detects small peripheral filling defects (SSPE) with high sensitivity.
- SSPE patients show lower biomarker levels and fewer echocardiographic changes than central PE patients.
- Optimal treatment strategies and long-term prognosis for SSPE are not well-defined.
Conclusions:
- Despite increased SSPE diagnosis, mortality benefits of treatment are unclear.
- Further research is needed to establish definitive management guidelines for SSPE.
- Understanding long-term outcomes is crucial for optimizing SSPE patient care.
