Macular Diagnostic Ability in OCT for Assessing Glaucoma in High Myopia

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Imaging
• Glaucoma Research

Background:

• High myopia presents diagnostic challenges in glaucoma assessment.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is crucial for evaluating macular parameters.
• Comparing spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and time-domain OCT (TD-OCT) is important for clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the diagnostic capabilities of SD-OCT and TD-OCT.
• To evaluate macular parameter changes in highly myopic eyes with glaucoma and glaucoma suspects.
• To assess the sensitivity and specificity of OCT in diagnosing glaucoma in high myopia.

Main Methods:

• Data from 72 highly myopic eyes (≤-6.0D) were analyzed.
• Eyes were categorized into perimetric glaucoma (41 eyes) and glaucoma suspect (31 eyes) groups.
• Both SD-OCT and TD-OCT imaging were performed, analyzing macular thickness and volume parameters using AUROC curves.

Main Results:

• TD-OCT showed higher AUROC curves for outer inferior macular thickness (0.911) and volume (0.909) compared to SD-OCT (0.836 and 0.834, respectively).
• No statistically significant difference was found between SD-OCT and TD-OCT diagnostic abilities (p=0.141 for thickness, p=0.138 for volume).
• TD-OCT achieved a sensitivity of 88.2% for outer inferior macular thickness, while SD-OCT had a sensitivity of 78.6% for the same parameter.

Conclusions:

• Both SD-OCT and TD-OCT effectively differentiate glaucoma patients from suspects in highly myopic eyes using outer inferior macular thickness and volume.
• The diagnostic abilities of SD-OCT and TD-OCT were found to be similar.
• These OCT parameters offer valuable supplementary data for diagnosing glaucoma in highly myopic individuals.