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Treatment Outcomes of Childhood TB in Lagos, Nigeria

Olusola Adedeji Adejumo1, Olusoji James Daniel2, Bisola Ibironke Adebayo3

  • 1Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos, Nigeria drolus_adejumo@yahoo.com.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|December 26, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Treatment outcomes for childhood tuberculosis (TB) in Lagos, Nigeria, showed a 79.2% success rate in TB/HIV-negative children and highlighted poorer outcomes in infants. Efforts to improve pediatric TB notification and treatment are crucial.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Public health epidemiology
  • Tuberculosis research

Background:

  • National tuberculosis (TB) programs in sub-Saharan Africa often neglect evaluating pediatric treatment outcomes.
  • Childhood TB management requires specific attention due to unique challenges and differing treatment responses.
  • This study addresses the gap in evaluating treatment outcomes for children with TB in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the treatment outcomes of children diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in Lagos State, Nigeria.
  • To assess the impact of TB/HIV co-infection on treatment success in pediatric TB cases.
  • To identify age-related differences in treatment outcomes for childhood TB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of program data from the Lagos State TB and Leprosy Control Programme.
  • Data collected for the period January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012.
  • Treatment outcomes were classified according to Nigeria's national TB guidelines.

Main Results:

  • 535 childhood TB cases were notified in 2012, constituting 6.3% of all TB notifications in Lagos State.
  • Tuberculosis/HIV co-infection prevalence was 29% among pediatric TB cases.
  • Treatment success rates were 79.2% for TB/HIV-negative children versus 73.4% for TB/HIV-positive children (p=0.1268).
  • Infants (<1 year) exhibited significantly worse treatment outcomes (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need to enhance the notification rates of childhood TB.
  • Improving treatment outcomes for pediatric tuberculosis patients requires intensified programmatic efforts.
  • Targeted interventions may be necessary for vulnerable age groups, such as infants, to improve TB treatment success.
Abstract

Keywords:
TBchildhoodtreatment outcome

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