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Role of long noncoding RNAs in malignant disease (Review)

Ying Li1, Xin Wang1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.

Molecular Medicine Reports
|December 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in cancer development and progression. These RNA molecules offer potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for various human cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed RNA molecules lacking protein-coding potential.
  • They play regulatory roles in gene expression, influencing chromatin remodeling, splicing, transcription, and translation.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in various human diseases, especially cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of lncRNAs in malignant neoplasms.
  • To highlight the association of lncRNAs with tumorigenesis, metastasis, prognosis, and diagnosis.
  • To explore the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNAs in human cancers.
  • Analysis of lncRNA roles in gene expression regulation.
  • Synthesis of findings related to lncRNA involvement in cancer.

Main Results:

  • lncRNA mutations and dysregulation are linked to cancer development.
  • lncRNAs are associated with key cancer hallmarks like tumorigenesis and metastasis.
  • Specific examples of lncRNA involvement in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and hematological malignancies are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent significant factors in human cancer.
  • lncRNAs show promise as novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
  • lncRNAs may serve as prospective therapeutic targets for cancer treatment and prevention.

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