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Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene polymorphisms alter prefrontal cortex activation during response inhibition
Anthony C Ruocco1, Achala H Rodrigo1, Dean Carcone1
1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough.
Genetic variations in the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene (TPH1) are linked to reduced prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during response inhibition tasks, potentially impacting impulse control.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychology
Background:
- The tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene (TPH1) is crucial for serotonin synthesis.
- Gene variations may influence impulse control and response inhibition.
- Neural mechanisms linking TPH1 polymorphisms to response inhibition are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between TPH1 gene polymorphisms (rs1799913 and rs4537731) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation.
- To understand the neural correlates of response inhibition in relation to TPH1 variations.
Main Methods:
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured PFC hemodynamic oxygenation.
- A manual go/no-go task assessed response inhibition.
- 30 healthy adult women participated in the study.
Main Results:
- TPH1 alleles did not correlate with demographics, intelligence, or task performance.
- Individuals with TPH1 risk alleles exhibited reduced PFC activity during response inhibition.
- This diminished activity was observed in bilateral inferior frontal gyri and medial PFC.
Conclusions:
- TPH1 gene polymorphisms may be associated with decreased lateral PFC activity during response inhibition.
- Reduced medial PFC activity might indicate altered self-monitoring in response inhibition tasks.
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