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Prenatal factors related to face presentation: a case-control study.
Emmanuelle Arsene1, Carole Langlois2, Charles Garabedian3
1Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Clinique d'Obstétrique, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, University of Lille Nord de France, 1 rue Eugène Avinée, 59037, Lille Cedex, France. emmanuelle.arsene@hotmail.fr.
Face presentation during delivery is rare, but twin pregnancy, low birth weight, polyhydramnios, and multiparity are key risk factors. These conditions may reduce uterine constraints, influencing fetal positioning.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Fetal Medicine
- Perinatal Research
Background:
- Face presentation, a rare obstetric complication, has poorly understood risk factors and mechanisms.
- Identifying associated prenatal factors is crucial for understanding and potentially mitigating this delivery complication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine prenatal factors associated with face presentation at delivery.
- To explore the potential mechanisms contributing to face presentation.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case-control study over 16 years.
- Inclusion of infants born between 22 and 42 weeks of gestation.
- Comparison of 64 face presentation cases with 191 controls.
Main Results:
- Incidence of face presentation was 0.8 per 1000 births.
- Significant risk factors identified: twin pregnancy (OR 25.8), birth weight <2500g (OR 8.9), polyhydramnios (OR 7.1), and multiparity (OR 3.6).
Conclusions:
- Identified factors (twin pregnancy, low birth weight, polyhydramnios, multiparity) are linked to reduced uterine constraints.
- Reduced uterine constraints may play a role in the mechanism leading to face presentation.
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