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Climate challenges, vulnerabilities, and food security.

Margaret C Nelson1, Scott E Ingram2, Andrew J Dugmore3

  • 1School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287; Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287; mnelson@asu.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study examines historical climate challenges and food security in the North Atlantic Islands and US Southwest. Higher pre-challenge vulnerability correlates with significant social change and food insecurity post-event.

Keywords:
climate challengedisaster managementhistoryprehistoryvulnerability

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Area of Science:

  • Paleoclimatology and environmental history
  • Socio-environmental vulnerability assessment
  • Disaster risk and resilience studies

Background:

  • Long-term climate variability presents unique challenges to food security.
  • Understanding historical vulnerability is crucial for predicting future impacts.
  • Societal responses to climate-induced food shortages vary across regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify rare climate challenges in diverse historical settings.
  • To quantify pre-climate challenge vulnerability to food shortage.
  • To evaluate the link between vulnerability and subsequent social/food security outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Case study approach analyzing seven distinct geographical areas.
  • Quantification of vulnerability using eight environmental and social variables.
  • Comparative analysis of historical climate events and societal responses.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific rare climate challenges in the North Atlantic Islands and US Southwest.
  • Established a relationship between pre-event vulnerability 'weight' and post-event social change.
  • Demonstrated a correlation between vulnerability and food security outcomes after climate challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-existing vulnerability significantly shapes societal responses to climate challenges.
  • Findings offer insights for improving disaster management policies.
  • Historical analysis provides a framework for assessing climate resilience in vulnerable regions.