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Prions are affected by evolution at two levels.

Reed B Wickner1, Amy C Kelly2,3

  • 1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8, Room 225, 8 Center Drive MSC 0830, Bethesda, MD, 20892-0830, USA. wickner@helix.nih.gov.

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|December 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prions are infectious proteins that can cause disease or heritable traits. Their evolution involves both the encoding gene and prion variants, with different conformations leading to distinct properties.

Keywords:
AmyloidHET-sParallel in-register beta sheetRnq1Sup35pUre2p

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Protein Science

Background:

  • Prions are infectious proteins, often amyloid forms of prion proteins, capable of transmitting diseases or acting as heritable traits.
  • A single prion protein sequence can generate diverse prion strains with distinct biological properties due to varying amyloid conformations.
  • Prions exhibit unique evolutionary dynamics, with selection acting on both the chromosomal gene and the prion variants themselves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on the evolution of prion proteins, encompassing both genes and prions.
  • To contrast the functional prion [Het-s] from Podospora anserina with disease-associated prions found in yeast and mammals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on prion evolution.
  • Comparative analysis of different prion systems, including functional and disease-associated prions.

Main Results:

  • Prion evolution is a complex process influenced by genetic and conformational selection pressures.
  • Different prion systems (e.g., [Het-s], yeast prions, mammalian TSEs) display unique evolutionary trajectories and characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding prion evolution provides insights into protein-based inheritance and disease mechanisms.
  • Comparative studies of diverse prions are crucial for elucidating their evolutionary principles and biological roles.