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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

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The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

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Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

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Approaches for Therapeutic Temperature Management.

DaiWai M Olson1, Jo Hoffman

  • 1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (Dr Olson and Ms Hoffman). DaiWai M. Olson, PhD, RN, CCRN, is an associate professor of neurology and neurotherapeutics at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas. Jo Hoffman, RN, is a nurse in the cardiovascular intensive care unit at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas.

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|December 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Temperature management has evolved from simple methods to high-tech practices. This article reviews the history and key phases of therapeutic temperature management for safe application.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Technology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Historically, temperature monitoring relied on basic tools like mercury thermometers and ice packs.
  • Modern temperature management integrates high-technology and multidisciplinary approaches.

Observation:

  • The evolution reflects an increased awareness of the critical need for precise temperature control.

Findings:

  • Therapeutic temperature management now encompasses distinct phases: induction, maintenance, and rewarming.
  • Each phase requires specific protocols for safe and effective application.

Implications:

  • Understanding the historical development and phases of temperature management is crucial for clinical practice.
  • Advancements in technology have significantly improved the safety and efficacy of therapeutic temperature management.