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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...

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Osteolysis of unknown origin: a case report.

Matthias Guido Wiesli¹, Katrin E Hostettler², Michael Tamm³

¹Clinic for Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21 4031, Basel, Switzerland. matthias.wiesli@usb.ch.

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|December 31, 2015

Summary

This case report details the first instance of mandibular osteolysis leading to a sarcoidosis diagnosis. Early diagnosis of this multi-organ granulomatous disease requires thorough patient evaluation.

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Area of Science:

Medicine
Pathology
Radiology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease with variable organ involvement.
Pulmonary manifestations are most common, but bone involvement can occur.
Osteolysis of the mandible is an uncommon presentation of sarcoidosis.

Observation:

A 74-year-old European female presented with jaw angle pain.
Radiological investigation revealed osteolysis in both mandibular angles.
Bone biopsy confirmed non-caseating granulomas, indicative of sarcoidosis.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with sarcoidosis.
Further evaluation revealed multi-organ involvement including lungs, lymph nodes, and CNS.
This represents the first reported case of mandibular osteolysis as the initial finding of sarcoidosis.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering sarcoidosis in cases of unexplained osteolysis.
Emphasizes the need for systematic clinical evaluation and interdisciplinary approaches for early diagnosis.
Underscores that seemingly minor symptoms can indicate severe, widespread disease.