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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
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Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

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Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
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Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

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Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
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Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

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Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
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Association between pulmonary function and peak oxygen uptake in elderly: the Generation 100 study.

Erlend Hassel1,2, Dorthe Stensvold3, Thomas Halvorsen4

  • 1K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. erlend.hassel@ntnu.no.

Respiratory Research
|December 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary

In elderly individuals, specific lung function thresholds for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) are associated with peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Beyond these thresholds, lung function no longer impacts VO2peak.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiorespiratory Physiology
  • Gerontology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • While healthy respiratory systems typically have spare capacity, lung function declines with age, potentially limiting peak oxygen uptake in older adults.
  • Previous understanding suggested the respiratory system is not a limiting factor for peak oxygen uptake in healthy individuals.
  • This study investigates if age-related lung function decline impacts peak oxygen uptake in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between lung function indices and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in an elderly population.
  • To determine if lung function is associated with VO2peak up to a specific threshold above normal limits in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 1443 elderly subjects (69-77 years) underwent spirometry, gas diffusion tests, and incremental work tests.
  • Hockey-stick regression analysis was used to study the association between lung function indices and peak oxygen uptake.

Main Results:

  • Thresholds for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) associated with VO2peak were identified at 2.86 L for men and 2.13 L for women.
  • A threshold for diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was found at 9.18 mmol/min/kPa for men.
  • While DLCO in women and DLCO/VA showed linear relationships with VO2peak, no significant thresholds were identified for these measures.

Conclusions:

  • Specific threshold values for FEV1 (both sexes) and DLCO (men) were identified, above which lung function did not correlate with VO2peak.
  • These identified thresholds for FEV1 and DLCO were above the lower limits of normal for the elderly population studied.
  • The findings suggest that beyond certain lung function levels, other physiological factors become more critical in determining peak oxygen uptake in older adults.