Graphene-Based Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene is a versatile organic photovoltaic material used in various solar cell components.
• Current solar cell efficiencies range from 20% to 46% depending on materials and configuration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in photovoltaic materials.
• To summarize the status of graphene-based bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, including perovskite and tandem devices.

Main Methods:

• Discussion of recent advances in photovoltaic materials.
• Summary of current graphene-based BHJ solar cell technologies.
• Analysis of factors influencing photovoltaic performance.

Main Results:

• Graphene-based BHJ solar cells achieve over 10% power-conversion efficiency.
• Graphene-containing perovskite solar cells exceed 15.6% power-conversion efficiency.
• Key factors influencing performance include graphene properties and device architecture.

Conclusions:

• Graphene significantly contributes to enhanced solar cell performance.
• Long-term stability and cost-effectiveness remain key challenges for commercialization.