Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 3, 2026

14:31
Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
Published on: July 14, 2009
[Electrochemical behavior of 3 magnetic alloys used for prosthetic retention]
Minerva Stomatologica
|June 1, 1989
Abstract:
By means of potentiodynamic techniques the electrochemical behaviour of a ferromagnetic alloy Pd-Co and three types of caps (AISI 316 stainless steel, Pd, Ti) for permanent Sm-Co magnets has been investigated in artificial saliva and in Ringer's solution. In addition short-circuit measurements were performed on several couples Pd-Co/AISI 316, Ti, Pd caps. From our findings a good corrosion resistance of all the materials is evidenced in artificial saliva. In Ringer's solution, which is more aggressive, Pd-Co shows no tendency to passivity.
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Magnetism
Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
Eddy Currents
Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
Ferromagnetism
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Paramagnetism
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...

