Antibody-mediated enhancement of hormone activity

The enhancement of hormone activity by antibodies has been known for many years; however, investigation into the molecular basis of the phenomenon has only recently begun. A number of mechanisms for this enhancement, including "buffering" or slow release, bivalency and Fc region, and conformational and receptor "restriction" effects, have been documented or proposed. The availability of panels of monoclonal antibodies of distinct combining site specificity have aided in these studies and contributed substantially to our understanding of hormone-receptor interactions.