Beta Cell Regenerating Potential of Azadirachta indica (Neem) Extract in Diabetic Rats

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Science
• Pharmacology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia.
• Streptozotocin (STZ) is commonly used to induce diabetes in animal models for research.
• Investigating natural extracts for diabetes treatment is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the therapeutic potential of 0.8% neem leaf extract (NLE) in treating diabetes mellitus.
• To assess the effects of NLE on blood glucose, insulin levels, and pancreatic islet morphology.
• To determine if NLE can mitigate STZ-induced diabetic conditions in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Main Methods:

• Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using streptozotocin (STZ).
• Diabetic rats were treated with 0.8% NLE in water, while control groups received plain water.
• Parameters monitored included body weight, water/chow consumption, blood glucose, serum insulin, and islet histology.

Main Results:

• Neem leaf extract (0.8%) administration resulted in improved weight gain in diabetic rats.
• NLE treatment demonstrated evidence of beta cell regeneration within the pancreatic islets.
• Despite improvements in weight and islet morphology, NLE did not significantly reduce blood glucose levels.

Conclusions:

• Neem leaf extract exhibits potential for promoting beta cell regeneration.
• Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms and efficacy of NLE in diabetes management.
• NLE may offer a complementary approach in addressing pancreatic beta cell dysfunction.