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¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
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Probing scalar coupling differences via long-lived singlet states.

Stephen J DeVience1, Ronald L Walsworth2, Matthew S Rosen3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|December 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary

We measured small J-coupling differences in organic molecules using spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) for coherent singlet order transfer. This technique precisely quantizes scalar coupling differences, aiding quantum memory development.

Keywords:
Decoherence-free subspaceJ couplingNuclear singlet stateSpin-lock induced crossing

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear spin singlet states are crucial for quantum information processing.
  • Measuring small scalar coupling differences in molecules is challenging.
  • Coherent interactions between nuclear spins are key to advanced NMR techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for probing small scalar coupling differences using nuclear spin singlet states.
  • To demonstrate the spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) technique for coherent singlet order transfer.
  • To explore the potential of singlet state coherence for quantum memory applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) technique to achieve coherent transfer of singlet order between nuclear spin pairs.
  • Measuring the rate of singlet order transfer, which is mediated by differences in syn and anti vicinal or long-range J couplings.
  • Applying the technique to organic molecules like phenylalanine-glycine-glycine and glutamate.

Main Results:

  • Quantified J coupling differences of 8±2mHz in phenylalanine-glycine-glycine.
  • Measured a J coupling difference of 2.57±0.04Hz in glutamate.
  • Characterized a coherence between two singlet states in glutamate, indicating potential for long-lived quantum memory.

Conclusions:

  • The SLIC technique is effective for precisely measuring small J coupling differences in organic molecules.
  • This method advances the field of NMR spectroscopy by enabling sensitive detection of scalar coupling variations.
  • The observed coherence in glutamate suggests a promising avenue for developing robust quantum memory systems.