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Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
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Selenium accumulation by plants.

Philip J White1

  • 1Ecological Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK and Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia philip.white@hutton.ac.uk.

Annals of Botany
|January 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral for humans and animals, acquired through plants. Some plant species have evolved to tolerate and accumulate high Se concentrations, a trait with potential for improving human and animal nutrition.

Keywords:
ArabidopsisAstragalusStanleyaecologyevolutiongenetic variationhyperaccumulationmetabolismquantitative trait locus (QTL)seleniumsulphur

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral for animals and humans, obtained from plants.
  • Plant Se concentration is determined by soil phytoavailability; excessive Se can be toxic to most plants.
  • Se-accumulating and hyperaccumulating plant species have evolved tolerance to high Se concentrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review Se uptake, translocation, and metabolism in plants.
  • To explore the genetic basis of Se tolerance and accumulation differences.
  • To identify strategies for enhancing Se concentration in crops.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Se in plants.
  • Analysis of adaptations for Se tolerance and hyperaccumulation.
  • Examination of genetic factors and transgenic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Se hyperaccumulation has evolved multiple times in angiosperms.
  • Tolerance to high Se is linked to diverting Se from protein incorporation into less toxic metabolites.
  • Variation in tissue Se concentration exists within and between angiosperm species.

Conclusions:

  • Breeding or selecting crops with higher Se concentrations can improve human and animal dietary Se intake.
  • Understanding Se metabolism and genetics can guide crop development.
  • Transgenic strategies offer potential for enhanced Se tolerance and accumulation.