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Exploring NAD+ metabolism in host-pathogen interactions.

Inês Mesquita1,2, Patrícia Varela1,2, Ana Belinha1,2

  • 1Microbiology and Infection Research Domain, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) metabolism impacts host-pathogen interactions. Modulating NAD(+) levels offers potential therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases.

Keywords:
Host-pathogen interactionL-tryptophanNAD+/NADH ratioNADPHNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)Sirtuins

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) is essential for all living cells, regulating metabolic pathways.
  • NAD(+) levels are controlled by synthesis (de novo/salvage) and catabolism, making its metabolism a therapeutic target for diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
  • NAD(+) metabolism is increasingly recognized for its role in immune responses and host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of NAD(+) metabolism in host-pathogen interactions.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting NAD(+) metabolism for treating infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on NAD(+) metabolism in infectious diseases.
  • Analysis of NAD(+) homeostasis and its disruption during host-pathogen encounters.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of NAD(+)'s impact on pathogen persistence and clearance.

Main Results:

  • NAD(+) homeostasis is crucial for host cell function during infection.
  • Pathogen interactions can alter NAD(+) bioavailability, affecting both host and pathogen.
  • NAD(+) metabolism presents a "double-edged sword" in host-pathogen dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • NAD(+) metabolism plays a complex role in infectious diseases.
  • Targeting NAD(+) pathways could be a promising approach for novel anti-infective therapies.
  • Further research into NAD(+) modulation is warranted for combating infectious agents.