Osteogenic Potential of Mouse Periosteum-Derived Cells Sorted for CD90 In Vitro and In Vivo

The treatment of bone defects still presents complex problems, although various techniques have been developed. The periosteum is considered a good source of osteogenic precursor cells for new bone formation. It can be collected easily in the clinical setting and is less invasive to the donor site. However, the murine skull periosteum has a poor cellular component, and growth is very slow, making it important to identify a culture method for efficient growth. In the present study, we used three-dimensional cell migration with atelocollagen and gelatin media and found that both were effective for promoting the proliferation of periosteum-derived cells. Moreover, atelocollagen medium is expected to provide an added benefit as a scaffold structure in the ambient temperature of the human body. The selection of a proper surface marker for osteogenesis is imperative for bone regeneration. CD90 is a mesenchymal stem cell marker. Periosteum-derived cells sorted with CD90 showed higher proliferative capacity and osteogenic potential than that of unsorted periosteum-derived cells in vivo and in vitro. Thus, periosteum-derived cells sorted with CD90 are expected to be a good source for bone regeneration. Significance: Periosteum-derived cells showed higher proliferative capacity and osteogenic potential. Periosteum can be collected easily in the clinical setting and is less invasive to the donor site. Thus, periosteum-derived cells can be expected to be a good source for bone regeneration.