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Wetting hysteresis induced by nanodefects.

Alberto Giacomello1, Lothar Schimmele2, Siegfried Dietrich3

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00184 Rome, Italy; giacomello@is.mpg.de.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 2, 2016
PubMed
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Even minor nanoscale surface defects cause significant wetting hysteresis. This pinning effect, observed in liquid fronts, can lead to phenomena like nanobubble formation, impacting surface behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Actual surfaces exhibit imperfections leading to complex wetting phenomena.
  • Wetting hysteresis, a deviation from ideal behavior, is crucial in understanding liquid-surface interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the origins of wetting hysteresis at nanoscale defects.
  • To investigate the impact of chemical and topographical nanodefects on liquid front behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Combined microscopic classical density functional theory with the string method for rare event analysis.
  • Modeled liquid front advancement and recession across isolated nanometric defects.

Main Results:

  • Identified metastable pinning of liquid fronts at nanodefects as the cause of hysteresis.
Keywords:
contact angle hysteresisnanoscalepinningstring methodwetting

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  • Quantified energy barriers, pinning forces, and hysteresis, linking them to defect geometry and chemistry.
  • Demonstrated that even subtle nanoscale defects induce significant hysteretic phenomena, including nanobubble pinning.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nanoscale defects are primary drivers of wetting hysteresis on heterogeneous surfaces.
    • Understanding these nanoscale effects is critical for predicting and controlling liquid behavior on real-world materials.