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Periostin action in bone.

Nicolas Bonnet1, Patrick Garnero1, Serge Ferrari1

  • 1Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 14, Switzerland.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|January 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periostin, a bone matrix protein, is crucial for bone formation and repair. Its circulating levels may predict fracture risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis, suggesting potential as a biomarker for cortical bone metabolism.

Keywords:
BiomarkerBoneExerciseFracturePTHPeriostin

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Periostin is a conserved matricellular protein homologous to fasciclin 1.
  • It functions as a structural and signaling molecule in bone, influencing osteoblast activity and bone formation via integrin and Wnt pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of periostin in osteogenesis and skeletal response.
  • To explore the potential of circulating periostin as a clinical biomarker in various non-skeletal conditions and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized periostin null mice to study its function in dentinogenesis, osteogenesis, and skeletal response to mechanical loading and parathyroid hormone.
  • Investigated serum periostin levels as a predictive biomarker in conditions like cancer, respiratory diseases, kidney injury, cardiac infarction, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Main Results:

  • Periostin null mice revealed its critical role in dentinogenesis and osteogenesis.
  • Circulating periostin has been explored as a biomarker in diverse non-skeletal diseases.
  • Serum periostin levels predict non-vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis, independent of bone mineral density.

Conclusions:

  • Periostin plays a vital role in skeletal development and response to stimuli.
  • Circulating periostin shows promise as a biomarker for fracture risk and potentially cortical bone metabolism, warranting further investigation.