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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
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A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

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Developing fermentative terpenoid production for commercial usage.

Michael D Leavell1, Derek J McPhee1, Chris J Paddon1

  • 1Amyris, Inc., 5885 Hollis Street, Suite 100, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology
|January 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metabolic engineering enables cost-effective microbial production of terpenoids, a large compound family. This review covers pathways, commercial examples like artemisinin, and future applications in chemicals and fragrances.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Terpenoids are a vast class of natural compounds (>55,000) with limited commercial use due to low yields in native hosts.
  • Natural production examples include rubber and astaxanthin, but scalability is challenging.
  • Metabolic engineering offers a solution for large-scale, economical terpenoid synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biochemical pathways of terpenoid production.
  • To highlight metabolic engineering strategies for enhancing terpenoid yields.
  • To survey commercially relevant terpenoids and their production methods.

Main Methods:

  • Description of key terpenoid biosynthetic pathways.
  • Analysis of metabolic engineering techniques applied to heterologous hosts.
  • Review of current commercial and developmental terpenoid production processes.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic engineering facilitates fermentative production of terpenoids in microorganisms.
  • Optimized pathways and host manipulations enable economically viable production levels.
  • Successful commercialization includes artemisinin, fragrance compounds, isoprene, and β-farnesene.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic engineering has overcome previous limitations in terpenoid production.
  • Fermentative microbial production is a viable route for diverse terpenoids.
  • This approach supports the commercial development of high-value terpenoids and commodity chemicals.