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High frequency source localization in a shallow ocean sound channel using frequency difference matched field

Brian M Worthmann1, H C Song2, David R Dowling3

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.

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|January 3, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Frequency difference matched field processing (MFP) improves source localization accuracy in challenging underwater environments. This technique reduces errors caused by imperfect environmental knowledge, enhancing underwater acoustic signal analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Underwater acoustics
  • Signal processing
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Matched field processing (MFP) is standard for source localization but struggles with environmental mismatch, especially at high frequencies.
  • Environmental mismatch, or the difference between modeled and actual acoustic propagation, hinders accurate source localization.
  • Existing beamforming methods use frequency downshift to mitigate mismatch, but this hasn't been widely applied to conventional MFP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend frequency difference beamforming techniques to conventional (Bartlett) Matched Field Processing.
  • To evaluate the performance of frequency difference MFP against environmental mismatch using simulations and experimental data.
  • To assess the robustness and accuracy of frequency difference MFP for underwater source localization.

Main Methods:

  • Applied frequency difference beamforming to conventional Bartlett MFP.
  • Utilized simulations and experimental data from the Kauai Acoustic Communications MURI experiment (KAM11).
  • Analyzed signals broadcast at 11.2–32.8 kHz over 3 km in a 106-m-deep shallow ocean environment using a 16-element vertical array.

Main Results:

  • Frequency difference MFP produced ambiguity surfaces at lower frequencies, reducing mismatch effects.
  • Both simulations and experimental data demonstrated that frequency difference MFP is more robust to environmental mismatch than conventional MFP.
  • Successful unambiguous source localization was achieved in experimental data, with an average peak-to-side-lobe ratio of 0.9 dB, range error of 170 m, and depth error of 10 m.

Conclusions:

  • Frequency difference MFP offers a more robust approach to underwater source localization in environments with imperfect acoustic models.
  • The technique effectively mitigates the detrimental effects of environmental mismatch, improving localization accuracy.
  • This method shows significant promise for enhancing underwater acoustic communication and surveillance systems.