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Carcinoembryonic antigen in osteosarcoma.

E P Cortes, T M Chu, J J Wang

    Journal of Surgical Oncology
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels can help monitor osteosarcoma treatment. Elevated CEA indicates active disease, while normal levels suggest remission, aiding in prognosis during therapy.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Biomarkers
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Osteosarcoma is a primary bone malignancy.
    • Accurate monitoring of treatment response is crucial for patient outcomes.
    • Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker with potential utility in various cancers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay in patients with osteosarcoma.
    • To assess the correlation between CEA levels and disease status (active disease vs. remission).
    • To determine the utility of serial CEA monitoring in predicting treatment response and recurrence.

    Main Methods:

    • Plasma CEA levels were measured in 30 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma.
    • CEA levels were analyzed in relation to active disease, complete remission, and treatment interventions (surgery, chemotherapy).

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  • Serial CEA determinations were performed to track changes during therapy and identify potential recurrence.

    • Main Results:

    • CEA was positive (>2.5 ng/ml) in 17 out of 21 patients with active osteosarcoma.
    • CEA was negative (<2.5 ng/ml) in all 9 patients in complete remission.
    • Successful treatment led to normalized CEA levels in 7 out of 9 patients.
    • Fluctuating CEA levels were observed in 8 patients with tumor progression during chemotherapy.
    • Clinical recurrence preceded or coincided with CEA elevation in two instances.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasma CEA assay is a valuable adjunct in monitoring osteosarcoma patients, complementing clinical judgment and imaging.
    • Serial CEA monitoring can aid in prognostication, reflecting treatment efficacy and disease progression.
    • While non-specific, CEA trends provide important insights into osteosarcoma course, but interpretation requires caution.