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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

PD-L1-specific T cells.

Shamaila Munir Ahmad¹, Troels Holz Borch¹, Morten Hansen¹

¹Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

|January 4, 2016

Summary

Naturally occurring T cells recognize the immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1. Targeting these PD-L1-specific T cells offers a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy to enhance anti-tumor responses.

Keywords:

Anti-Tregs CITIM 2015 Cancer vaccines PD-L1 PD-L1-specific T cells

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Published on: May 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Cancer Immunotherapy

Background:

The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 pathway are critical regulators of immune responses.
Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with monoclonal antibodies has shown significant clinical efficacy in various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on PD-L1 as a T cell antigen.
To summarize findings on the role of PD-L1-specific T cells in immune response modulation.
To discuss future applications of PD-L1-targeting T cell strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies investigating PD-L1 as a T cell antigen.
Analysis of research on the function of PD-L1-specific T cells.
Exploration of potential therapeutic strategies involving PD-L1 T cell epitopes.

Main Results:

Naturally occurring T cells specific for PD-L1 have been identified.
These PD-L1-specific T cells can recognize both immune cells and malignant cells expressing PD-L1.
PD-L1-specific T cells have the capacity to modulate adaptive immune responses.

Conclusions:

PD-L1 serves as a T cell antigen, indicating its potential as a target for immunotherapy.
PD-L1-specific T cells can influence immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment.
Utilizing PD-L1-derived T cell epitopes presents a promising vaccination strategy to enhance existing cancer immunotherapies.