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Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings
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Fetal programming and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Lara J Monteiro1, Jane E Norman2, Gregory E Rice3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.

Placenta
|January 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects pregnant women due to insulin resistance. This review covers GDM

Keywords:
EpigeneticsFetal programmingGestational diabetes mellitus

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is new-onset glucose intolerance during pregnancy.
  • Affects 2-5% of pregnancies, with increasing prevalence.
  • Pathogenesis is unclear, linked to pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Focus on short- and long-term complications for mothers and offspring.
  • Highlight the role of fetal programming in adult disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • Analysis of maternal and offspring outcomes.
  • Examination of epigenetic modifications and fetal programming.

Main Results:

  • GDM is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Long-term adverse effects on offspring are observed.
  • Epigenetic modifications in the fetal genome are implicated.

Conclusions:

  • GDM poses risks to both mothers and offspring.
  • Fetal programming is a key mechanism for long-term health consequences.
  • Further research into GDM pathogenesis and prevention is needed.