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Pharmacological Modulation of Lung Carcinogenesis in Smokers: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Silvio De Flora1, Gancho Ganchev2, Marietta Iltcheva2

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|January 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Many common drugs can interfere with cancer development. This study explores how various medications, including anti-inflammatories and antidiabetics, may reduce lung cancer risk from cigarette smoke in mouse models.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Many drugs exhibit pleiotropic effects, influencing biological pathways.
  • Cigarette smoke is a major cause of pulmonary carcinogenicity.
  • Identifying agents to mitigate smoke-induced lung cancer is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of commonly used drugs to counteract the pulmonary carcinogenicity of mainstream cigarette smoke.
  • To assess these agents in various chemoprevention and intervention models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mouse models to simulate interventions in current smokers, ex-smokers, and prenatal exposure.
  • Tested a range of pharmacological agents including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antineoplastic drugs, alongside supplements.
  • Assessed the attenuation of smoke-induced preneoplastic lesions, benign tumors, and malignant tumors.

Main Results:

  • Several evaluated drugs demonstrated efficacy in reducing smoke-induced pulmonary lesions and tumors.
  • The tested agents showed a broad spectrum of activity against different stages of carcinogenesis.
  • Findings were corroborated with existing epidemiological data.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological agents possess the potential to mitigate cigarette smoke-induced lung carcinogenicity.
  • These findings provide a basis for predicting the effects of drug interventions in smokers.
  • Further research can leverage these insights for novel chemopreventive strategies.
Keywords:
anti-inflammatory drugsantidiabetic drugsantineoplastic drugscigarette smokelung cancerpharmacological prevention

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