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Molecular targeted therapy for the treatment of gastric cancer
Wenting Xu1, Zhen Yang2, Nonghua Lu3
1Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
Abstract:
Despite the global decline in the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer, it remains one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. Although surgical resection is the preferred treatment for gastric cancer, chemotherapy is the preferred treatment for recurrent and advanced gastric cancer patients who are not candidates for reoperation. The short overall survival and lack of a standard chemotherapy regimen make it important to identify novel treatment modalities for gastric cancer. Within the field of tumor biology, molecular targeted therapy has attracted substantial attention to improve the specificity of anti-cancer efficacy and significantly reduce non-selective resistance and toxicity. Multiple clinical studies have confirmed that molecular targeted therapy acts on various mechanisms of gastric cancer, such as the regulation of epidermal growth factor, angiogenesis, immuno-checkpoint blockade, the cell cycle, cell apoptosis, key enzymes, c-Met, mTOR signaling and insulin-like growth factor receptors, to exert a stronger anti-tumor effect. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that underlie molecular targeted therapies will provide new insights into gastric cancer treatment.
Insights
Molecular targeted therapy offers a promising approach to combat gastric cancer by improving treatment specificity and reducing toxicity. Understanding these targeted mechanisms is key to developing novel and effective gastric cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, despite declining incidence.
- While surgery is primary, chemotherapy is crucial for advanced/recurrent cases, yet lacks standardization.
- Limited survival and treatment options necessitate novel therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role and mechanisms of molecular targeted therapy in gastric cancer treatment.
- To highlight how targeted therapies enhance anti-cancer efficacy and minimize resistance and toxicity.
- To provide insights into new treatment avenues for gastric cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of multiple clinical studies on molecular targeted therapy in gastric cancer.
- Analysis of targeted mechanisms including growth factor regulation, angiogenesis, and immune checkpoints.
- Examination of targeted effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and specific signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- Molecular targeted therapy demonstrates efficacy by acting on diverse gastric cancer pathways.
- Targeted agents modulate epidermal growth factor, angiogenesis, and immune checkpoints.
- Therapies impact cell cycle, apoptosis, c-Met, mTOR, and IGF receptors for anti-tumor effects.
Conclusions:
- Molecular targeted therapy presents a significant advancement in gastric cancer treatment.
- A deeper understanding of targeted mechanisms is crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies.
- Targeted therapies offer improved specificity and reduced toxicity compared to traditional chemotherapy.
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