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Calcium transport during mineralization.

J W Bawden1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.

The Anatomical Record
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Calcium transport into hard tissues like enamel and dentin primarily occurs via transcellular pathways. A specific calcium-binding protein facilitates this process during enamel maturation, regulating ion concentration.

Area of Science:

  • Biomineralization
  • Cellular Transport
  • Hard Tissue Formation

Background:

  • Calcium translocation into mineralizing matrices is crucial for hard tissue formation but poorly understood.
  • Mechanisms of calcium movement, including diffusion and transcellular transport, are debated.
  • Studying calcium transport in cementum and bone is challenging, making dentin and enamel more accessible models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of calcium translocation into the mineralizing matrix of hard tissues.
  • To elucidate the role of transcellular transport in dentin and enamel formation.
  • To propose a hypothesis for calcium transport mechanisms based on existing data.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of calcium movement in dentin and enamel.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of ameloblast layer intercellular junctions for calcium permeability.
  • Hypothetical modeling of transcellular calcium transport pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium movement into dentin mineralizing matrix appears to be transcellular.
    • Enamel formation involves transcellular calcium transport, with calcium-tight intercellular junctions in ameloblasts.
    • A 9 kDa calcium-binding protein is proposed to facilitate calcium transport during enamel maturation.

    Conclusions:

    • Transcellular transport is the primary route for calcium movement into dentin and enamel matrices.
    • A specific calcium-binding protein plays a key role in regulating calcium influx during enamel maturation.
    • Differential calcium ion concentrations across cell membranes are critical for regulating calcium transport.