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Early years in artificial valve development.

E B Kay1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Vincent Charity Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|September 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Early prosthetic heart valves faced challenges. Coating Teflon valves with polyurethane film reduced complications like thrombosis and tissue overgrowth, improving function in initial clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Development of prosthetic heart valves began in the laboratory in 1958.
  • Early clinical trials involved patients with congestive heart failure undergoing valve replacement surgery.

Observation:

  • Seven prosthetic valves were implanted clinically in 1958 and 1959.
  • The longest survival period observed in these initial cases was 6 weeks.
  • Complications included thrombosis, thromboembolism, and tissue overgrowth affecting valve function.

Findings:

  • Coating Teflon leaflet valves with a polyurethane film significantly reduced thrombosis.
  • Applying polyurethane to fixation rings of disc valves decreased thromboembolism.
  • This coating also mitigated tissue overgrowth, thereby improving valve performance.

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Implications:

  • Polyurethane coatings represent a critical advancement in early prosthetic heart valve design.
  • These findings paved the way for more durable and effective long-term cardiac valve replacements.
  • The study highlights the importance of material surface modification in preventing biological complications.