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Spinal metallosis: a systematic review.

Yoni Goldenberg1, Jin W Tee2, Cesar M Salinas-La Rosa3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosciences, St Vincent's Hospital, Level 10 IPS Building, 59 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC, 3065, Australia. y.goldey@gmail.com.

European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
|January 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Spinal metallosis, a rare complication of spinal instrumentation, can cause neural compression years after surgery. This condition, linked to spinal metalloma, is independent of implant material, affecting both titanium and stainless steel constructs.

Area of Science:

  • Spinal Surgery
  • Biomaterials
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Spinal instrumentation is common for spinal fusion.
  • Complications can arise from instrumentation, including rare adverse events.
  • Metallosis and metalloma are potential, though infrequently reported, complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document a rare complication of spinal instrumentation: spinal metallosis and metalloma.
  • To systematically review the existing literature on spinal metallosis and metalloma.

Main Methods:

  • A case report of spinal metallosis was presented.
  • A systematic literature review was conducted using EBSCOhost, PubMed, and ScienceDirect.
  • Search terms included "metalloma" and "metallosis", with exclusion of arthroplasty-related studies.
Keywords:
MetallomaMetallosisPosterior lumbar fusionSpinal instrumentationSpinal stenosis

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Main Results:

  • 836 articles were identified; 46 were relevant after excluding arthroplasty abstracts.
  • 3 full-text articles were reviewed detailing spinal metalloma causing neurological symptoms after spinal fusion.
  • The presented case is the fifth reported instance of spinal metalloma causing neural compression, the first involving titanium posterior instrumentation.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal metallosis is a potential cause of neural compression following spinal instrumentation surgery.
  • Symptoms can manifest weeks to years post-operatively.
  • The development of spinal metallosis appears independent of the implant material, observed in both titanium and stainless steel constructs.