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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Vitamin D supplementation in neonates.

Zhe Wu1

  • 1St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust.

BMJ Quality Improvement Reports
|January 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D deficiency affects many babies, but a simple leaflet intervention significantly improved correct supplementation uptake from 40% to 71%. This highlights the effectiveness of accessible information for infant vitamin D levels.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is a significant concern in infants, potentially leading to rickets.
  • Audits in a London hospital revealed low vitamin D levels in babies attending a prolonged jaundice clinic.
  • Existing supplementation guidelines for General Practitioners (GPs) were lengthy and complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To audit vitamin D levels in breastfed infants presenting with prolonged jaundice.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a simplified leaflet intervention on vitamin D supplementation uptake.
  • To improve adherence to recommended vitamin D supplementation protocols for infants.

Main Methods:

  • An initial audit identified vitamin D deficient/insufficient breastfed infants in a prolonged jaundice clinic (August-December 2012).

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  • A simplified leaflet detailing vitamin D supplementation guidelines was created and distributed to mothers and their GPs.
  • A re-audit assessed supplementation uptake in a new cohort of infants who received the leaflet (August-November 2013).

    • Main Results:

    • The initial audit found 71% of infants had vitamin D deficiency.
    • Prior to the intervention, only 40% of deficient infants received the correct vitamin D supplementation.
    • Post-intervention, correct supplementation uptake increased significantly to 71%.

    Conclusions:

    • A simplified leaflet intervention is a highly effective method for improving vitamin D supplementation uptake in infants.
    • Addressing vitamin D deficiency in infants requires accessible and clear guidance for both parents and healthcare providers.
    • The leaflet intervention was successfully integrated into hospital trust guidelines due to its positive impact.