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Complement Activation in Placental Malaria.

Chloe R McDonald1, Vanessa Tran2, Kevin C Kain3

  • 1Sandra Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, TorontoON, Canada; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, BostonMA, USA.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|January 7, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal malaria infection during pregnancy increases risks for adverse birth outcomes. The complement system

Keywords:
angiogenesiscomplementinflammationmalarianeurodevelopmentplacental malariapregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Obstetrics
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Sixty percent of global pregnancies occur in malaria-endemic areas.
  • Pregnant women face higher risks of malaria infection and adverse birth outcomes like low birth weight and preterm birth.
  • The complement system is crucial for placental development and immune response to malaria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the complement system in malaria during pregnancy.
  • To discuss its involvement in placental angiogenesis, adverse birth outcomes, and fetal neurodevelopment.
  • To explore potential biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for at-risk pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complement system's role in malaria and pregnancy.
  • Analysis of complement activation in severe malaria and pregnancy complications.
  • Discussion of impacts on placental function and fetal development.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated complement activation is linked to severe malaria and poor pregnancy outcomes, independent of infection.
  • The complement system influences placental angiogenesis and the in utero environment.
  • Maternal malaria and complement dysregulation can affect fetal neurodevelopment.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding complement's role is key to addressing malaria-related adverse birth outcomes.
  • Identifying mechanisms can lead to biomarkers for at-risk pregnancies.
  • Novel therapeutics targeting complement may prevent pregnancy complications.