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Subclinical Onychomycosis in Patients With Type II Diabetes

Amira Elbendary1, Amira El Tawdy2, Naglaa Zaki2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, NY, USA.

Dermatology Reports
|January 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Subclinical onychomycosis (fungal nail infection) was detected in type II diabetic patients using nail clipping and PAS staining. Early detection in diabetics is crucial for preventing serious complications and managing associated neuropathy.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Diabetology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Fungal organisms can infect nails asymptomatically.
  • Onychomycosis in diabetic patients can lead to severe complications.
  • Early detection of subclinical fungal nail infections is vital in diabetes management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of subclinical onychomycosis in type II diabetic patients.
  • To investigate the association between subclinical onychomycosis and diabetic neuropathy.
  • To evaluate nail clipping with PAS staining as a screening method.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional, observational study design.
  • Inclusion of 106 type II diabetic patients with normal-appearing big toenails.
  • Microscopic examination of nail clippings using Hematoxylin and Eosin and Periodic-Acid-Schiff (PAS) stains.

Main Results:

  • Fungal infection was identified in 8 out of 106 specimens.
  • All positive cases were associated with uncontrolled diabetes.
  • Six patients with subclinical onychomycosis also had neuropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Nail clipping and PAS staining can detect subclinical onychomycosis in diabetic patients.
  • This method is a potentially applicable screening test for early detection.
  • Early diagnosis facilitates timely management to prevent complications and address neuropathy.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus type IInail clippingneuropathyonychomycosissubclinical disease

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