Aurora Kinase Inhibitors: Current Status and Outlook

Vassilios Bavetsias1, Spiros Linardopoulos2

  • 1Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research , London , UK.

Frontiers in Oncology
|January 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Aurora kinases are crucial for cell division, and their dysregulation is linked to cancer. This review covers small molecule inhibitors targeting these kinases for cancer therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aurora kinases (A, B, and C) are serine/threonine kinases critical for mitosis.
  • Their activity and expression peak during cell division, regulating key mitotic events.
  • Overexpression of Aurora-A and Aurora-B is common in human tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review small molecule inhibitors of Aurora kinases.
  • To discuss inhibitors currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment.
  • To explore future directions in Aurora kinase inhibitor development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published studies on Aurora kinase inhibitors.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for Aurora kinase inhibitors.
  • Synthesis of information on inhibitor mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • Several small molecule inhibitors targeting Aurora kinases have been developed.
  • These inhibitors are progressing through various phases of clinical trials.
  • Challenges and opportunities in Aurora kinase inhibitor therapy are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Aurora kinase inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for various cancers.
  • Further research is needed to optimize inhibitor efficacy and minimize side effects.
  • Targeting Aurora kinases holds potential for future cancer treatment advancements.

Related Concept Videos

Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
6.2K
Inhibition of CDK Activity02:34

Inhibition of CDK Activity

5.6K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
6.3K
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
6.8K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.1K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
5.1K